Liquid fuel injection nozzle



NOV. 10, 1953 s co L so 2,658,800

LIQUID FUEL INJECTIGN NOZZLE Filed Feb. 12 1951 lzz/u azzk'or Patented Nov. 10, 1953 LIQUID FUEL INJECTION NOZZLE Eric Samuel Collinson, Higher Brunshaw, Burnley, England, assignor to Joseph Lucas Limited, Birmingham, England Application February 12, 1951, Serial No. 210,518

Claims priority, application Great Britain February 20, 1950 1 Claim.

This invention relates to liquid fuel injection nozzles for use more particularly with the combustion chambers of jet engines or gas turbines, and of the kind adapted to discharge the liquid into the combustion chamber in the form of a hollow conical jet.

It is desirable to be able to vary the cone-angle of the jet to suit different working conditions, and the object of the present invention is to provide an improved nozzle whereby this require- Referring to the drawing, the body part a of the nozzle is formed at its forward end with a cylindrical cavity in which is contained an axially situated part b. The part b is held in position by a bush c having a screw-thread connection with the body part. The part b has formed in it a cylindrical cavity in which is inserted a hollow plug d, this being held in position by a hollow stem e having a screw-thread connection with the part 1).

Between the parts b, d is formed an annular chamber 1 leading to an annular and inclined orifice 9 through which the jet of liquid fuel can emerge in the form of a hollow cone having a cone-angle of about 90. Liquid fuel is supplied to the orifice g from any convenient source through a feed pipe h, and a passage 1 leading to an annular passage 9', and thence by way of a passage k to the said annular chamber f.

The bush and part b are adapted to form between them an annular air chamber 111. which is supplied with air from any convenient source through a pipe n, annular chamber 0 and passage p. The chamber m leads to an annular airdischarge orifice q which is parallel with the axis of the nozzle. The hollow stem e is supplied with air from the same source through a pipe 1' and passage s, and the air flows through radial ports t in the stem to an annular discharge orifice u located in a plane at right angles to the axis of the nozzle. The air orifices q, u are situated at opposite sides of the fuel jet orifice g.

The pressure at which air is admitted to the orifices q, u, and consequently the velocity at which the air emerges from the said orifices is controlled by valves (not shown) in the pipes h, 12. When the nozzle is in action the air streams impinge on opposite sides of the liquid fuel jet, and by appropriately varying the relative rates of discharge of the two air streams, the liquid fuel jet can be caused to assume any desired cone-angle within a wide range of variation.

The invention is not, however, restricted to the example illustrated by the diagram, as constructional details may be varied to suit different requirements.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and. desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

A liquid fuel injection nozzle provided with an annular conical fuel delivery orifice from which liquid fuel can emerge in the form of a hollow conical jet, an outer annular air discharge orifice located around the fuel delivery orifice and immediately adjacent to the outer side thereof, and an inner annular air discharge orifice located concentrically with the outer annular air discharge orifice and immediately adjacent to the inner side of the fuel delivery orifice, the outer annular air discharge orifice being situated parallel with the axis of the nozzle, and the inner annular air discharge orifice being situated at right angles to the axis of the nozzle, so that air streams issuing from the outer and inner annular discharge orifices can impinge on the outer and inner sides respectively of the hollow conical fuel jet emerging from the fuel delivery orifice.

ERIC SAMUEL COLLINSON.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,071,381 Anthony Aug. 26, 1913 2,072,375 McCallum Mar. 2, 1937 2,174,695 Erickie Oct. 3, 1939 

